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Conditions Encyclopedia Entry 1777194245

** This entry is about a rare genetic disorder known as **Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS)**, a group of disorders that affect the body's connective tissue. ## Overview Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by extremely flexible joints, skin hyperextensibility, and tissue fragility. It affects approximately 1 in 5,000 to 1 in 20,000 people worldwide. EDS is caused by mutations in genes that code for proteins responsible for the production of collagen, a key component of connective tissue. This tissue provides support and structure to various parts of the body, including skin, bones, tendons, and ligaments. People with EDS often experience a range of symptoms, including joint hypermobility, easy bruising, and poor wound healing. They may also experience gastrointestinal issues, such as constipation or bowel obstruction, and may be at a higher risk of developing certain types of cancer, including gastrointestinal and ovarian cancer. In severe cases, EDS can lead to life-threatening complications, such as rupture of major blood vessels or organs. ## History/Background The first reported case of EDS was in 1901 by a dermatologist named Edward Ehlers. However, it was not until the 1930s that the condition was more fully described by another dermatologist, Henri-Alexandre Danlos. Since then, research has led to a better understanding of the genetic causes of EDS and the development of diagnostic criteria. In 1996, the International Classification of EDS was established, which categorizes the condition into 13 subtypes based on the type of mutation and the severity of symptoms. ## Key Information There are 13 subtypes of EDS, each with distinct characteristics and symptoms. The most common subtypes are: * Classical EDS (cEDS): characterized by skin hyperextensibility and joint hypermobility * Hypermobile EDS (hEDS): characterized by joint hypermobility and musculoskeletal pain * Vascular EDS (vEDS): characterized by fragile blood vessels and a high risk of rupture People with EDS often experience a range of complications, including: * Joint dislocations and subluxations * Gastrointestinal issues, such as constipation or bowel obstruction * Poor wound healing * Easy bruising * Increased risk of certain types of cancer ## Significance Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome is a significant condition that affects the lives of millions of people worldwide. It is essential to raise awareness about EDS to promote early diagnosis and treatment, which can improve quality of life and prevent life-threatening complications. Research into the genetic causes of EDS has also led to a better understanding of the role of collagen in the body and has implications for the treatment of other conditions, such as osteogenesis imperfecta and scleroderma. INFOBOX: - **Name:** Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome - **Type:** Genetic disorder - **Date:** 1901 (first reported case) - **Location:** Worldwide - **Known For:** Extremely flexible joints, skin hyperextensibility, and tissue fragility TAGS: **Genetic disorder**, **Connective tissue**, **Collagen**, **Joint hypermobility**, **Skin hyperextensibility**, **Tissue fragility**, **Rare disease**, **Genetic mutation**