Results for "ASD"
Conditions Encyclopedia Entry 1777007106
** Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect characterized by an abnormal opening in the atrial septum, the wall of tissue that separates the upper chambers of the heart. **CONTENT:** ### Overview Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a common congenital heart defect that affects approximately 1 in 2,500 births. It occurs when there is an abnormal opening in the atrial septum, the wall of tissue that separates the upper chambers of the heart, known as the left and right atria. This opening allows blood to flow between the two chambers, which can lead to various complications. ASDs can be classified into three main types: ostium secundum, ostium primum, and sinus venosus. ASDs can be present at birth or may not be diagnosed until later in life. In some cases, individuals with ASDs may not experience any symptoms, while others may experience fatigue, shortness of breath, or palpitations. ASDs can also increase the risk of developing other heart problems, such as pulmonary hypertension and heart failure. ### History/Background The first recorded description of ASDs dates back to the 17th century, when the English physician Thomas Sydenham described a case of a patient with a "hole in the heart." However, it wasn't until the 20th century that ASDs were more widely recognized and understood. In the 1950s and 1960s, surgeons began to develop techniques for repairing ASDs, including the use of surgical patches and catheter-based interventions. ### Key Information ASDs can be diagnosed using various tests, including: * Echocardiogram: an ultrasound of the heart that uses sound waves to create images of the heart. * Electrocardiogram (ECG): a test that measures the electrical activity of the heart. * Chest X-ray: a test that uses X-rays to create images of the heart and lungs. * Cardiac catheterization: a test that uses a catheter to inject dye into the heart and take pictures of the heart's blood vessels. Treatment options for ASDs include: * Surgical repair: a surgical procedure that closes the abnormal opening in the atrial septum. * Catheter-based repair: a minimally invasive procedure that uses a catheter to close the abnormal opening. * Watchful waiting: a conservative approach that involves monitoring the individual's condition and treating symptoms as needed. ### Significance ASDs can have significant consequences if left untreated. Complications can include: * Pulmonary hypertension: high blood pressure in the lungs that can lead to heart failure. * Heart failure: a condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. * Stroke: a condition in which the blood supply to the brain is interrupted. Early diagnosis and treatment of ASDs can significantly improve outcomes and prevent complications. **INFOBOX:** - Name: Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) - Type: Congenital Heart Defect - Date: First described in the 17th century - Location: Affects the upper chambers of the heart - Known For: Common congenital heart defect that can lead to various complications if left untreated. **TAGS:** congenital heart defect, atrial septal defect, ASD, heart defect, heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, stroke, cardiovascular disease.
Health & MedicineConditions Encyclopedia Entry 1775640364
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect characterized by an abnormal opening in the wall between the heart's two upper chambers, leading to abnormal blood flow and potential complications.
Health & MedicineConditions Encyclopedia Entry 1778882120
** Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect characterized by an abnormal opening in the wall (septum) between the heart's two upper chambers (atria), allowing blood to flow between them. **CONTENT:** ### Overview Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is a type of congenital heart defect that occurs when there is an abnormal opening in the septum, the wall of tissue that separates the heart's two upper chambers, the atria. This opening allows blood to flow between the left and right atria, which can lead to various complications. ASD is a relatively common congenital heart defect, affecting approximately 1 in 1,500 births. It can occur in isolation or in combination with other heart defects. ASD can be classified into three main types: Secundum ASD, Primum ASD, and Sinus Venosus ASD. Secundum ASD is the most common type, accounting for approximately 70% of all ASD cases. Primum ASD is a less common type that often occurs in combination with other heart defects, such as a cleft in the septum. Sinus Venosus ASD is a rare type that occurs in the upper part of the septum. ### History/Background The first recorded description of ASD dates back to the 17th century, when the French physician Jean-Baptiste Senac described a case of a child with a heart defect that allowed blood to flow between the atria. However, it wasn't until the mid-20th century that ASD was recognized as a distinct congenital heart defect. In the 1950s and 1960s, surgeons began to develop surgical techniques to repair ASD, which significantly improved outcomes for affected individuals. ### Key Information ASD can cause a range of symptoms, including: * Shortness of breath (dyspnea) * Fatigue * Coughing * Swelling in the legs and feet (edema) * Pale or blue-tinged skin (cyanosis) In some cases, ASD may not cause any noticeable symptoms until adulthood. Diagnosis is typically made using a combination of physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), chest X-ray, and echocardiogram. Treatment for ASD usually involves surgical repair, which involves closing the abnormal opening in the septum. This can be done using a variety of techniques, including open-heart surgery or minimally invasive procedures. In some cases, ASD may be treated with catheter-based interventions, such as balloon septostomy. ### Significance ASD is a significant congenital heart defect that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications. Untreated ASD can lead to various problems, including: * Pulmonary hypertension (high blood pressure in the lungs) * Right-sided heart failure * Respiratory problems * Increased risk of stroke and other cardiovascular events Early diagnosis and treatment of ASD can significantly improve outcomes and reduce the risk of complications. **INFOBOX:** - Name: Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) - Type: Congenital heart defect - Date: First described in the 17th century - Location: Heart - Known For: Abnormal opening in the septum between the atria **TAGS:** Congenital heart defect, atrial septal defect, ASD, heart defect, septal defect, atria, heart chambers, congenital anomaly, cardiovascular disease.
Health & MedicineConditions Encyclopedia Entry 1778125264
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication, and repetitive behaviors.