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Countries Encyclopedia Entry 1781121965

** The Republic of Kiribati is a sovereign island nation located in the central Pacific Ocean, comprising 33 coral atolls and islands, known for its rich cultural heritage, unique geography, and resilient people. **CONTENT:** ### Overview Located approximately 3,000 kilometers southwest of Hawaii, the Republic of Kiribati is a small island nation with a total land area of 811 square kilometers, spread across 33 coral atolls and islands. The country's name, Kiribati, is derived from the Gilbertese language, meaning "gathering place." With a population of approximately 119,449 people, Kiribati is one of the least densely populated countries in the world. The capital and largest city is Tarawa, which is also the economic and administrative hub of the country. Kiribati's unique geography is characterized by its coral atolls, which are formed by the accumulation of coral reefs around a central lagoon. The atolls are surrounded by a barrier reef, which protects the islands from the open ocean and provides a safe haven for marine life. The country's terrain is generally flat, with some islands featuring small hills and ridges. The climate is tropical, with high temperatures and high humidity throughout the year. Despite its small size, Kiribati has a rich cultural heritage, with a history dating back to the 13th century. The country's indigenous people, the I-Kiribati, have a unique culture that is influenced by their Polynesian and Micronesian ancestry. The I-Kiribati people are known for their warm hospitality, rich traditions, and vibrant arts scene. ### History/Background Kiribati's history dates back to the 13th century, when the islands were first inhabited by Polynesian and Micronesian settlers. The country's name, Kiribati, was adopted in 1979, when it gained independence from British colonial rule. Prior to independence, the islands were known as the Gilbert Islands, a British colony that was established in the late 19th century. During World War II, Kiribati played a significant role in the Pacific Theater, with the islands serving as a strategic location for Allied forces. The country's coral atolls were used as airbases and naval bases, and the islands were also used as a staging ground for military operations. In the post-war period, Kiribati continued to develop its economy and infrastructure, with a focus on fishing, copra production, and tourism. The country gained independence in 1979, with Tarawa as its capital. ### Key Information * **Population:** approximately 119,449 people * **Area:** 811 square kilometers * **Capital:** Tarawa * **Language:** Gilbertese (official), English (widely spoken) * **Currency:** Australian dollar * **Government:** Unitary parliamentary republic * **Economy:** Fishing, copra production, tourism * **Climate:** Tropical * **Geography:** Coral atolls and islands Kiribati is known for its unique geography, rich cultural heritage, and resilient people. The country's coral atolls are home to a diverse range of marine life, including sea turtles, manta rays, and sharks. The I-Kiribati people are known for their warm hospitality and rich traditions, which are reflected in their vibrant arts scene. ### Significance Kiribati's significance extends beyond its small size and unique geography. The country's coral atolls are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, including rising sea levels and increased storm activity. Kiribati is one of the countries most affected by climate change, with many of its islands facing the threat of flooding and erosion. Despite these challenges, Kiribati remains a vibrant and resilient nation, with a strong sense of community and culture. The country's people are known for their warm hospitality and rich traditions, which are reflected in their vibrant arts scene. **INFOBOX:** - **Name:** Republic of Kiribati - **Type:** Island nation - **Date:** 1979 (independence) - **Location:** Central Pacific Ocean - **Known For:** Unique coral atolls, rich cultural heritage, resilient people **TAGS:** Kiribati, Pacific Islands, Coral Atolls, Climate Change, Island Nation, Small Island Developing State, Tropical Climate, Polynesian Culture, Micronesian Culture, British Colony.