Results for "Cardiac Surgery"
Conditions Encyclopedia Entry 1776080174
** **Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)** is a congenital heart defect characterized by an abnormal opening in the wall (septum) between the heart's two upper chambers (atria), leading to abnormal blood flow and potential complications. **CONTENT:** ### Overview Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is a relatively common congenital heart defect that affects approximately 1 in 1,500 births. It occurs when there is an abnormal opening in the septum, the wall of tissue that separates the heart's two upper chambers (atria). This opening allows blood to flow between the left and right atria, disrupting normal blood flow and potentially leading to complications. ASDs can be classified into three main types: secundum, primum, and sinus venosus. ASDs can be asymptomatic at birth, but as the child grows, they may experience symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and palpitations. In some cases, ASDs may not be diagnosed until adulthood, when they can lead to complications such as arrhythmias, heart failure, and pulmonary hypertension. ### History/Background The first reported case of ASD was in 1861 by the French physician Claude Bernard. However, it wasn't until the 20th century that ASDs were more widely recognized and studied. In the 1950s and 1960s, surgical techniques for repairing ASDs were developed, and since then, the condition has become more manageable with advances in medical technology and treatment options. ### Key Information **Causes:** ASDs are usually caused by a genetic mutation or a combination of genetic and environmental factors during fetal development. They can also be associated with other congenital heart defects. **Symptoms:** Symptoms of ASDs may include: * Shortness of breath * Fatigue * Palpitations * Chest pain * Coughing * Swelling in the legs and feet **Diagnosis:** ASDs are typically diagnosed using echocardiography, a non-invasive test that uses sound waves to create images of the heart. Other diagnostic tests may include electrocardiography (ECG), chest X-rays, and cardiac catheterization. **Treatment:** Treatment options for ASDs depend on the size and location of the defect, as well as the individual's overall health. Surgical repair is usually the recommended treatment, which involves closing the abnormal opening in the septum. In some cases, catheter-based procedures may be used to close the defect. ### Significance ASDs can have significant consequences if left untreated, including arrhythmias, heart failure, and pulmonary hypertension. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life for individuals with ASDs. **INFOBOX:** - **Name:** Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) - **Type:** Congenital heart defect - **Date:** First reported case in 1861 - **Location:** Affects approximately 1 in 1,500 births worldwide - **Known For:** Abnormal opening in the septum between the heart's two upper chambers **TAGS:** Atrial Septal Defect, Congenital Heart Defect, Heart Health, Cardiology, Pediatric Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery, Echocardiography, Electrocardiography. **Important Note:** If you suspect you or a loved one may have an ASD, it is essential to seek medical attention from a qualified healthcare professional. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life.
Health & MedicineConditions Encyclopedia Entry 1781980085
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect characterized by an abnormal opening in the wall (septum) between the heart's two upper chambers (atria), allowing blood to flow between them.
Health & MedicineConditions Encyclopedia Entry 1780565406
** Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect characterized by an abnormal opening in the wall (septum) between the heart's two upper chambers (atria), allowing blood to flow between them. **CONTENT:** ### **Overview** Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is a relatively common congenital heart defect that affects approximately 1 in 2,500 births. It occurs when a small hole or opening develops in the septum, the thin wall of tissue that separates the heart's two upper chambers, the left and right atria. This abnormal opening allows blood to flow between the atria, which can lead to various complications, including heart failure, arrhythmias, and pulmonary hypertension. ASD can be classified into three main types: Ostium Primum ASD, Ostium Secundum ASD, and Sinus Venosus ASD. Ostium Primum ASD is the most common type, accounting for approximately 50% of all ASD cases. Ostium Secundum ASD is the second most common type, while Sinus Venosus ASD is the rarest. ### **History/Background** The first recorded description of ASD dates back to 1861, when the French physician, Pierre-Adolphe Piorry, described a case of a child with a heart defect characterized by an abnormal opening between the atria. However, it wasn't until the 1950s that ASD was recognized as a distinct congenital heart defect. In the 1960s and 1970s, surgical techniques for repairing ASD were developed, and since then, ASD repair has become a standard procedure for treating this condition. Today, ASD repair is typically performed using a minimally invasive surgical technique called a thoracotomy, which involves making a small incision in the chest to access the heart. ### **Key Information** Key facts about ASD include: * **Prevalence:** ASD affects approximately 1 in 2,500 births. * **Symptoms:** ASD symptoms can be mild or severe and may include shortness of breath, fatigue, and palpitations. * **Complications:** Untreated ASD can lead to heart failure, arrhythmias, and pulmonary hypertension. * **Treatment:** ASD repair is typically performed using a minimally invasive surgical technique called a thoracotomy. * **Prognosis:** With proper treatment, the prognosis for individuals with ASD is generally good, with a normal life expectancy. ### **Significance** ASD is a significant condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for ASD is crucial for providing accurate diagnoses and effective care. Additionally, ASD research has led to significant advances in our understanding of congenital heart defects and the development of new surgical techniques. **INFOBOX:** - **Name:** Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) - **Type:** Congenital heart defect - **Date:** 1861 (first recorded description) - **Location:** Global - **Known For:** Atrial Septal Defect is a common congenital heart defect that affects approximately 1 in 2,500 births. **TAGS:** Atrial Septal Defect, Congenital Heart Defect, Heart Defect, Pediatric Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery, Thoracotomy, Pulmonary Hypertension, Arrhythmias, Heart Failure.