Results for "Olympic history"
Nadia Comăneci
Nadia Comăneci is a Romanian gymnast who made history at the 1976 and 1980 Summer Olympics, becoming the first gymnast to score a perfect 10 and winning a total of nine Olympic medals. ## Overview Nadia Comăneci's life and career are a testament to her unwavering dedication to the sport of gymnastics. Born on November 12, 1961, in Onesti, Romania, Comăneci began training at the age of five and quickly rose through the ranks to become one of the most dominant gymnasts of her generation. Her incredible talent, combined with her tireless work ethic, made her a force to be reckoned with on the international stage. Comăneci's journey to greatness was not without its challenges. Growing up in a communist regime, she faced intense pressure to perform and was often subjected to strict training regimens that pushed her to her limits. Despite these challenges, Comăneci persevered and continued to excel, earning her a place on the Romanian national team and eventually becoming the youngest gymnast to compete at the Olympic Games. ## History/Background Comăneci's early life was marked by a passion for sports, particularly gymnastics. She began training at the local sports school in Onesti, where she was coached by Béla Károlyi, a renowned gymnastics coach who would later become a key figure in her development. Comăneci's natural talent and dedication quickly earned her a place on the Romanian national team, and she made her international debut at the age of 11. Comăneci's breakthrough moment came at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, where she became the first gymnast to score a perfect 10. This historic achievement cemented her status as a global superstar and paved the way for her to become one of the most successful gymnasts of all time. ## Key Information - **Perfect Score**: Comăneci was the first gymnast to score a perfect 10 at the Olympic Games, achieving this feat at the age of 14. - **Olympic Medals**: Comăneci won a total of nine Olympic medals, including five gold medals, three silver medals, and one bronze medal. - **World Championships**: Comăneci won four World Artistic Gymnastics Championship medals, including two gold medals and two silver medals. - **Awards and Recognition**: Comăneci has been recognized for her achievements with numerous awards, including the Romanian Order of Merit and the Olympic Order. ## Significance Comăneci's impact on the sport of gymnastics cannot be overstated. Her historic perfect score at the 1976 Olympics raised the bar for gymnasts around the world and paved the way for future generations of athletes to strive for excellence. Comăneci's legacy extends beyond her impressive medal count and perfect scores, however. She has inspired countless young gymnasts and athletes to pursue their dreams, regardless of the challenges they may face. INFOBOX: - Name: Nadia Elena Comăneci Conner - Type: Gymnast - Date: November 12, 1961 - Location: Onesti, Romania - Known For: First gymnast to score a perfect 10 at the Olympic Games TAGS: Nadia Comăneci, gymnastics, Olympic Games, perfect score, Romanian gymnast, women's sports, Olympic history, gymnastics legend, sports icon.
SportsEvents Encyclopedia Entry 1777664884
The **2020 Tokyo Olympics** was the 32nd edition of the Summer Olympic Games, held in Tokyo, Japan, from July 23 to August 8, 2021, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. ## Overview The **2020 Tokyo Olympics**, officially known as the Games of the XXXII Olympiad, was a global sporting event that brought together athletes from around the world to compete in a wide range of events. The Games were originally scheduled to take place from July 24 to August 9, 2020, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, they were postponed to 2021. The event was held at various venues in Tokyo, Japan, and was attended by thousands of athletes, officials, and spectators. The **2020 Tokyo Olympics** was a significant event in the history of the Olympic Games, marking the first time that the event was held in Asia. The Games featured a record number of participating nations, with over 11,000 athletes from 206 countries competing in 33 sports and 50 events. The event was also notable for its innovative use of technology, including the use of virtual and augmented reality to enhance the spectator experience. Despite the challenges posed by the pandemic, the **2020 Tokyo Olympics** was a resounding success, with many memorable moments and record-breaking performances. The event was widely covered by the media, with millions of people around the world tuning in to watch the action unfold. ## History/Background The idea of hosting the **2020 Tokyo Olympics** was first proposed in 2007, when Tokyo was awarded the right to host the Games by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). The event was originally scheduled to take place from July 24 to August 9, 2020, but in March 2020, the IOC announced that the Games would be postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The decision to postpone the Games was made in consultation with the Japanese government, the IOC, and other stakeholders. The event was eventually held from July 23 to August 8, 2021, with many of the original venues and schedules remaining in place. ## Key Information - **Participating Nations:** 206 countries - **Athletes:** Over 11,000 athletes - **Sports:** 33 sports - **Events:** 50 events - **Medal Count:** 206 countries won medals - **Top Medal-Winning Countries:** United States, China, Japan - **Most Decorated Athlete:** Katie Ledecky (United States), 5 gold medals - **Most Decorated Country:** United States, 39 gold medals Some of the most notable moments from the **2020 Tokyo Olympics** include: - **Katie Ledecky's 5 Gold Medals:** Ledecky became the most decorated female swimmer in Olympic history, winning 5 gold medals in the 200m, 400m, 800m, 1500m freestyle events, and the 4x200m freestyle relay. - **Simone Biles' Historic Performance:** Biles became the first gymnast to win 7 Olympic medals, including 4 gold medals in the all-around, vault, beam, and floor exercise events. - **Neeraj Chopra's Historic Gold Medal:** Chopra became the first Indian athlete to win a gold medal in the javelin throw event. ## Significance The **2020 Tokyo Olympics** was a significant event in the history of the Olympic Games, marking the first time that the event was held in Asia. The Games were also notable for their innovative use of technology, including the use of virtual and augmented reality to enhance the spectator experience. The event was also significant for its impact on the global sporting community, with many athletes and officials using the Games as a platform to raise awareness about social and environmental issues. The event was also notable for its financial impact, with estimates suggesting that the Games generated over $10 billion in revenue. INFOBOX: - Name: **2020 Tokyo Olympics** - Type: Summer Olympic Games - Date: July 23 to August 8, 2021 - Location: Tokyo, Japan - Known For: Record-breaking performances and innovative use of technology TAGS: **2020 Tokyo Olympics**, Summer Olympic Games, Tokyo, Japan, COVID-19 pandemic, Katie Ledecky, Simone Biles, Neeraj Chopra, Olympic history, global sporting community.
SportsEvents Encyclopedia Entry 1777733656
** The 2012 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXX Olympiad, was a major international multi-sport event held in London, United Kingdom, from July 27 to August 12, 2012. **CONTENT** ### Overview The 2012 Summer Olympics, also referred to as the London 2012 Olympics, was the 27th edition of the modern Olympic Games. It was a spectacular display of athletic prowess, showcasing the world's top athletes competing in 302 events across 26 sports. The Games were held at various venues across London, with the main stadium being the Olympic Stadium in Stratford. The event was a significant milestone in the history of the Olympics, marking the first time the Games were held in the United Kingdom since 1948. The London 2012 Olympics were a massive undertaking, requiring the construction of new venues, infrastructure, and facilities. The event was estimated to have cost around £9 billion, making it one of the most expensive Olympic Games in history. Despite the high costs, the Games were a resounding success, with over 10,000 athletes from 204 countries participating in the event. The 2012 Summer Olympics were also notable for being the first Olympics to be held during the Summer of the London 2012 Paralympics, with the Paralympic Games taking place from August 29 to September 9, 2012. ### History/Background The idea of hosting the Olympics in London was first proposed in 2003, with the city being selected as the host city in 2005. The Games were originally scheduled to take place in 2012, but due to the global financial crisis, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) was forced to consider alternative host cities. However, London's bid was ultimately successful, and the city was awarded the hosting rights. The 2012 Summer Olympics were also notable for being the first Olympics to be held during a time of global economic uncertainty. The event was seen as a symbol of hope and resilience, with the IOC and the London Organizing Committee (LOCOG) working tirelessly to ensure the Games were a success. ### Key Information - **Participating Countries:** 204 countries - **Athletes:** Over 10,000 athletes participated in the event - **Events:** 302 events across 26 sports - **Medals:** A total of 302 events were contested, with 302 gold medals awarded - **Attendance:** The Games were attended by over 7.1 million spectators - **Broadcast:** The Olympics were broadcast in over 200 countries, with an estimated global audience of 3.64 billion people - **Budget:** The Games were estimated to have cost around £9 billion Some of the most notable achievements of the 2012 Summer Olympics include: - **Michael Phelps:** Phelps became the most decorated Olympian of all time, winning a total of 22 medals, including 18 gold medals. - **Usain Bolt:** Bolt won three gold medals in the 100m, 200m, and 4x100m relay events, cementing his status as the world's fastest man. - **Gabby Douglas:** Douglas became the first African American woman to win an Olympic gold medal in gymnastics, winning the team gold medal with the US women's team. ### Significance The 2012 Summer Olympics had a significant impact on the world, both in terms of sports and culture. The event was a symbol of hope and resilience, showcasing the world's top athletes competing at the highest level. The Games also had a significant economic impact, with the event generating an estimated £9.9 billion in revenue for the UK economy. The 2012 Summer Olympics also marked a significant milestone in the history of the Olympics, with the introduction of new sports and events, including women's boxing and the triathlon. The event also saw the introduction of new technologies, including the use of social media and virtual reality to enhance the spectator experience. INFOBOX: - **Name:** 2012 Summer Olympics - **Type:** Multi-sport event - **Date:** July 27 to August 12, 2012 - **Location:** London, United Kingdom - **Known For:** Being the most expensive Olympic Games in history, and the first Olympics to be held during the Summer of the London 2012 Paralympics. TAGS: 2012 Summer Olympics, London 2012 Olympics, Olympic Games, Multi-sport event, Sports, Athletics, Olympics, London, United Kingdom, Michael Phelps, Usain Bolt, Gabby Douglas, Olympic history, Olympic legacy.
SportsEvents Encyclopedia Entry 1777716557
** The **2020 Tokyo Olympics** was the 32nd edition of the **Summer Olympic Games**, held in Tokyo, Japan, from July 23 to August 8, 2021, after a one-year postponement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. **CONTENT:** ## Overview The **2020 Tokyo Olympics**, officially known as the Games of the XXXII Olympiad, was a historic event that brought together athletes from around the world to compete in 33 sports and 50 disciplines. The Games were initially scheduled to take place from July 24 to August 9, 2020, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, they were postponed to 2021. The event was held at various venues across Tokyo, with the Olympic Stadium serving as the main venue for the opening and closing ceremonies. The **2020 Tokyo Olympics** was a significant event for several reasons. It was the first time that the Olympics were held in Asia, marking a milestone in the history of the Games. The event also featured a record number of female athletes, with over 5,000 women participating in the Games. Additionally, the Olympics introduced several new sports and events, including surfing, skateboarding, and sport climbing. ## History/Background The idea of hosting the Olympics in Tokyo dates back to 2013, when the International Olympic Committee (IOC) awarded the Games to the Japanese city. The bid was led by Tokyo Governor Naoki Inose, who promised to deliver a "compact and sustainable" Games. However, the COVID-19 pandemic posed a significant challenge to the organizers, forcing them to postpone the event by a year. The **2020 Tokyo Olympics** was the second time that the Olympics were postponed, following the 1916 Summer Olympics, which were canceled due to World War I. The event was also the first Olympics to be held in a non-traditional format, with many events taking place behind closed doors due to COVID-19 restrictions. ## Key Information * **Participating countries:** 206 countries and territories * **Athletes:** 11,092 athletes from around the world * **Sports:** 33 sports and 50 disciplines * **Events:** 339 events * **Medals:** 3,000 medals awarded * **Top-performing countries:** United States, China, Japan * **Most decorated athlete:** Katie Ledecky (USA), with 5 gold medals and 1 silver medal The **2020 Tokyo Olympics** featured several notable moments, including: * **Katie Ledecky's dominance:** The American swimmer won 5 gold medals and 1 silver medal, cementing her status as one of the greatest swimmers of all time. * **Simone Biles's historic performance:** The American gymnast became the first woman to win 7 Olympic medals in the all-around event. * **Neeraj Chopra's gold medal:** The Indian javelin thrower won India's first-ever Olympic gold medal in athletics. ## Significance The **2020 Tokyo Olympics** was a significant event for several reasons. It marked a milestone in the history of the Olympics, with the first-ever Olympics held in Asia. The event also featured a record number of female athletes, highlighting the progress made towards gender equality in sports. Additionally, the Olympics introduced several new sports and events, which are expected to become a permanent part of the Olympic program. The **2020 Tokyo Olympics** also had a significant impact on the world, with many countries using the event as an opportunity to promote their culture and values. The Olympics also provided a platform for athletes to raise awareness about social and environmental issues, such as climate change and mental health. **INFOBOX:** - Name: **2020 Tokyo Olympics** - Type: **Summer Olympic Games** - Date: **July 23 to August 8, 2021** - Location: **Tokyo, Japan** - Known For: **First Olympics held in Asia, record number of female athletes, introduction of new sports and events** **TAGS:** **Tokyo Olympics, Summer Olympic Games, COVID-19 pandemic, Katie Ledecky, Simone Biles, Neeraj Chopra, Olympic history, gender equality, new sports and events.
PeopleAthletes Encyclopedia Entry 1778128624
** This encyclopedia entry is dedicated to the life and achievements of **John "The Ace" Anderson**, a renowned American track and field athlete who dominated the sport in the early 21st century. ## Overview John "The Ace" Anderson is a celebrated American track and field athlete who rose to fame in the early 2000s. Born on February 12, 1982, in Chicago, Illinois, Anderson's athletic prowess was evident from a young age. He began competing in track and field events at the age of 16 and quickly made a name for himself in the national scene. Anderson's impressive career spanned over a decade, during which he won numerous accolades, including multiple Olympic medals and world championship titles. Anderson's remarkable achievements on the track were matched by his charismatic personality and dedication to his craft. He was known for his tireless work ethic, which earned him the respect of his peers and fans alike. Anderson's influence extended beyond the track, as he became a role model for aspiring athletes and a symbol of American excellence in the world of sports. Throughout his career, Anderson faced numerous challenges, including injuries and intense competition from fellow athletes. However, he consistently demonstrated his resilience and determination, adapting to new situations and pushing himself to new heights. Anderson's legacy extends beyond his impressive athletic achievements, as he paved the way for future generations of American track and field athletes. ## History/Background Anderson's journey to becoming a world-class athlete began in his hometown of Chicago, where he grew up surrounded by a supportive family and community. He was introduced to track and field at the age of 16, when he joined his high school's track team. Anderson's natural talent and dedication quickly earned him a spot on the national junior team, and he went on to compete in his first World Junior Championships in 2000. Anderson's breakthrough moment came in 2004, when he won his first Olympic gold medal in the 100m dash at the Athens Olympics. This achievement marked the beginning of a remarkable period in Anderson's career, during which he won multiple Olympic and world championship titles. Anderson's success on the track was accompanied by his increasing popularity, as he became a household name in the United States and around the world. ## Key Information - **Career Highlights:** - 3-time Olympic gold medalist (2004, 2008, 2012) - 5-time World Champion (2005, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013) - 10-time US National Champion (2003-2012) - World Record holder in the 100m dash (9.58 seconds, 2009) - **Personal Bests:** - 100m dash: 9.58 seconds (2009) - 200m dash: 19.85 seconds (2011) - 4x100m relay: 37.10 seconds (2012) - **Awards and Honors:** - ESPY Award for Best Track and Field Athlete (2008, 2012) - Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year (2011) ## Significance John "The Ace" Anderson's impact on the world of track and field extends far beyond his impressive athletic achievements. He has inspired countless young athletes to pursue their dreams and push themselves to new heights. Anderson's legacy serves as a reminder of the power of hard work, dedication, and perseverance in achieving greatness. INFOBOX: - **Name:** John "The Ace" Anderson - **Type:** Track and Field Athlete - **Date:** February 12, 1982 - **Location:** Chicago, Illinois, USA - **Known For:** 3-time Olympic gold medalist and 5-time World Champion in the 100m dash TAGS: John Anderson, Olympic gold medalist, World Champion, track and field, American athlete, sports icon, inspirational figure, Olympic history, world record holder.
SportsEvents Encyclopedia Entry 1781481545
** The **2020 Tokyo Olympics** was the 32nd edition of the Summer Olympic Games, postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, featuring a record number of participating nations and a historic moment for women's participation. **CONTENT:** ## Overview The **2020 Tokyo Olympics**, officially known as the Games of the XXXII Olympiad, was a major international multi-sport event held in Tokyo, Japan, from July 23 to August 8, 2021. The Games were initially scheduled to take place in 2020 but were postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The event was a significant milestone in the history of the Olympics, featuring a record 206 participating nations and a historic moment for women's participation. The 2020 Tokyo Olympics was a celebration of athletic excellence, with over 10,000 athletes competing in 33 sports and 50 disciplines. The Games were marked by a number of historic moments, including the participation of women in every sport for the first time in Olympic history. The event also saw a number of record-breaking performances, with athletes from around the world pushing the boundaries of human achievement. ## History/Background The idea of hosting the Olympics in Tokyo dates back to 2013, when the International Olympic Committee (IOC) awarded the city the right to host the Games. However, the COVID-19 pandemic posed significant challenges to the organization of the event, leading to a postponement of one year. The IOC and the Tokyo Organizing Committee worked tirelessly to ensure the safe and successful hosting of the Games, implementing a range of measures to mitigate the risks associated with the pandemic. ## Key Information - **Participating Nations:** 206 nations participated in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, a record number for the Games. - **Athletes:** Over 10,000 athletes competed in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, representing a wide range of sports and disciplines. - **Sports:** 33 sports were featured at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, including new sports such as surfing and skateboarding. - **Medals:** A total of 339 sets of medals were awarded at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, with the United States emerging as the top-performing nation. - **Records:** The 2020 Tokyo Olympics saw a number of record-breaking performances, including a new world record in the women's 100m dash. - **Women's Participation:** The 2020 Tokyo Olympics marked a historic moment for women's participation, with women competing in every sport for the first time in Olympic history. ## Significance The 2020 Tokyo Olympics was a significant event in the history of the Olympics, marking a number of historic moments and achievements. The event demonstrated the resilience and determination of athletes from around the world, who came together to compete and inspire each other despite the challenges posed by the pandemic. The 2020 Tokyo Olympics also highlighted the importance of women's participation in sports, paving the way for future generations of female athletes. **INFOBOX:** - **Name:** 2020 Tokyo Olympics - **Type:** Summer Olympic Games - **Date:** July 23 - August 8, 2021 - **Location:** Tokyo, Japan - **Known For:** Record number of participating nations and historic moment for women's participation **TAGS:** Tokyo Olympics, Summer Olympic Games, COVID-19 pandemic, Women's participation, Record-breaking performances, Olympic history, International Olympic Committee, Tokyo Organizing Committee.
SportsSports Encyclopedia Entry 1779872645
** The **Olympic Games** are a global sporting event held every four years, featuring athletes from around the world competing in various disciplines. **CONTENT:** ### Overview The Olympic Games are a premier international sporting event that brings together athletes from over 200 countries to compete in a wide range of disciplines. The Games have a rich history dating back to ancient Greece, where they were first held in 776 BC. The modern Olympic Games were revived in 1896 by French educator Pierre de Coubertin, who founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC). The IOC is responsible for organizing and overseeing the Games, which are held every four years in a different host city. The Olympic Games are a celebration of athletic achievement, cultural exchange, and international unity. The event features a diverse range of sports, including track and field, swimming, gymnastics, basketball, and many others. The Games also include cultural and artistic events, such as the opening and closing ceremonies, which showcase the host country's music, dance, and art. The Olympic Games have a profound impact on the world of sports, inspiring athletes to push themselves to new heights and promoting physical activity and healthy lifestyles. The Games also provide a platform for countries to come together and celebrate their shared values of friendship, respect, and fair play. ### History/Background The Olympic Games have a long and storied history that spans over 2,700 years. The ancient Olympic Games were held in Olympia, Greece, from 776 BC to 393 AD, with the exception of a brief period during the Roman Empire. The Games were a major event in the ancient Greek calendar, attracting athletes from all over the Mediterranean world. The modern Olympic Games were revived in 1896, when French educator Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC). The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens, Greece, in 1896, with 241 athletes from 14 countries participating. The Games were a huge success, and the IOC has since organized 28 Olympic Games, with the most recent one being held in Tokyo, Japan, in 2020. ### Key Information * **Number of Olympic Games:** 28 * **Number of participating countries:** Over 200 * **Number of athletes:** Over 10,000 * **Sports featured:** Over 30 * **Medal count:** Over 10,000 medals awarded * **Host cities:** 28 cities have hosted the Olympic Games * **Most decorated country:** United States, with 1,022 medals * **Most decorated athlete:** Michael Phelps, with 28 medals ### Significance The Olympic Games have a profound impact on the world of sports, inspiring athletes to push themselves to new heights and promoting physical activity and healthy lifestyles. The Games also provide a platform for countries to come together and celebrate their shared values of friendship, respect, and fair play. The Olympic Games have also played a significant role in shaping the world of sports, introducing new sports and disciplines, and promoting the development of sports infrastructure around the world. The Games have also been a catalyst for social change, with many athletes using their platform to raise awareness about important issues such as equality, justice, and human rights. **INFOBOX:** - **Name:** Olympic Games - **Type:** International sporting event - **Date:** Every four years - **Location:** Various host cities around the world - **Known For:** Promoting athletic achievement, cultural exchange, and international unity **TAGS:** Olympic Games, International sporting event, Pierre de Coubertin, International Olympic Committee, Olympic history, Olympic sports, Olympic athletes, Olympic medals, Olympic legacy.
SportsSports Encyclopedia Entry 1783239786
** The **Olympic Games** are a premier international multi-sport event held every four years, featuring thousands of athletes from around the world competing in various disciplines. ## Overview The Olympic Games are a global sporting phenomenon, bringing together nations and athletes in a celebration of athletic excellence and international unity. The Games have a rich history dating back to ancient Greece, with the first recorded Olympic Games taking place in 776 BC in Olympia, Greece. The modern Olympic Games were revived in 1896 by French educator Pierre de Coubertin, who founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to oversee the event. The Olympic Games are a showcase for human achievement, featuring a diverse range of sports and disciplines, from track and field to swimming, gymnastics, and ice hockey. The Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Olympics alternating every two years. The Olympic Games are a symbol of international cooperation and friendship, with athletes from over 200 countries participating in the event. ## History/Background The ancient Olympic Games were held in Olympia, Greece, from 776 BC to 393 AD, with the event banned by the Roman Emperor Theodosius I due to its association with paganism. The modern Olympic Games were revived in 1896, with the first Games held in Athens, Greece. The 1896 Olympics were a groundbreaking event, featuring athletes from 14 countries competing in nine sports. The early Olympic Games faced numerous challenges, including financial difficulties and disputes over the rules and regulations of the event. However, the Games continued to grow in popularity, with the 1904 Olympics in St. Louis, Missouri, featuring athletes from 12 countries. The 1920 Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium, marked a significant turning point for the Games, with the introduction of the Olympic oath and flag. ## Key Information * **Number of participants:** Over 10,000 athletes from around 200 countries participate in the Olympic Games. * **Number of sports:** The Olympic Games feature a diverse range of sports, including track and field, swimming, gymnastics, ice hockey, and basketball. * **Olympic medals:** Gold, silver, and bronze medals are awarded to athletes who achieve the top three positions in each event. * **Olympic torch relay:** The Olympic torch is lit in Olympia, Greece, and relayed to the host city of the Games, symbolizing the connection between the ancient and modern Olympic Games. * **Olympic motto:** The Olympic motto is "Citius, Altius, Fortius" (Faster, Higher, Stronger), reflecting the values of excellence, friendship, and respect. ## Significance The Olympic Games have a profound impact on the world, promoting international understanding, peace, and cooperation. The Games bring together athletes, officials, and spectators from around the world, fostering a sense of community and shared values. The Olympic Games also provide a platform for athletes to showcase their talents and achieve their dreams, inspiring millions of people around the world. INFOBOX: - **Name:** Olympic Games - **Type:** International multi-sport event - **Date:** Every four years - **Location:** Various locations around the world - **Known For:** Promoting international unity, athletic excellence, and friendship TAGS: Olympic Games, International Olympic Committee, Pierre de Coubertin, Olympic history, Olympic sports, Olympic medals, Olympic torch relay, Olympic motto.