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Physics Encyclopedia Entry 1782270367

** This entry is about the fundamental principles of **Quantum Entanglement**, a phenomenon in **Quantum Mechanics** where two or more particles become correlated in such a way that the state of one particle cannot be described independently of the others. ## Overview Quantum Entanglement is a fascinating phenomenon in the realm of **Quantum Mechanics**, which is a branch of **Physics** that studies the behavior of matter and energy at the smallest scales. It was first proposed by **Albert Einstein** in 1935, as a way to explain the behavior of particles at the subatomic level. Entanglement is a fundamental aspect of **Quantum Theory**, which describes the behavior of particles in terms of **Wave Functions** and **Probability Amplitudes**. In simple terms, entanglement occurs when two or more particles interact with each other in such a way that their properties become correlated. This means that if something happens to one particle, it instantly affects the state of the other entangled particles, regardless of the distance between them. This phenomenon has been experimentally confirmed numerous times, and it has been shown to occur even when the particles are separated by large distances, such as millions of kilometers. ## History/Background The concept of entanglement was first proposed by **Albert Einstein**, **Boris Podolsky**, and **Nathan Rosen** in 1935, in a paper titled "Can Quantum-Mechanical Description of Physical Reality be Considered Complete?" They argued that the principles of **Quantum Mechanics** were incomplete, and that entanglement was a way to explain the behavior of particles at the subatomic level. However, it was not until the 1960s that the concept of entanglement began to gain widespread acceptance, with the work of **John Bell** and **David Bohm**. In the 1970s and 1980s, entanglement was experimentally confirmed by several groups, including **Claude Cohen-Tannoudji** and **Wolfgang Paul**. These experiments involved creating entangled particles and then measuring their properties, such as **Spin** and **Polarization**. The results showed that the properties of the entangled particles were indeed correlated, and that the state of one particle was instantly affected by the state of the other. ## Key Information * **Quantum Entanglement** is a fundamental aspect of **Quantum Mechanics**, which describes the behavior of particles in terms of **Wave Functions** and **Probability Amplitudes**. * Entanglement occurs when two or more particles interact with each other in such a way that their properties become correlated. * The state of one entangled particle is instantly affected by the state of the other, regardless of the distance between them. * Entanglement has been experimentally confirmed numerous times, and it has been shown to occur even when the particles are separated by large distances. * Entanglement is a key feature of **Quantum Computing**, which uses entangled particles to perform calculations and operations. ## Significance Quantum Entanglement is a fundamental aspect of **Quantum Mechanics**, and it has been experimentally confirmed numerous times. It has been shown to occur even when the particles are separated by large distances, and it has been used to demonstrate the principles of **Quantum Non-Locality**. Entanglement is also a key feature of **Quantum Computing**, which uses entangled particles to perform calculations and operations. The significance of entanglement lies in its ability to demonstrate the principles of **Quantum Mechanics**, and to show that the behavior of particles at the subatomic level is fundamentally different from the behavior of macroscopic objects. Entanglement has also been used to demonstrate the principles of **Quantum Non-Locality**, which shows that the state of one particle can be instantly affected by the state of another, regardless of the distance between them. INFOBOX: - **Name:** Quantum Entanglement - **Type:** Quantum Phenomenon - **Date:** 1935 (first proposed by Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen) - **Location:** Subatomic level - **Known For:** Demonstrating the principles of Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Non-Locality TAGS: Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Entanglement, Quantum Computing, Quantum Non-Locality, Wave Functions, Probability Amplitudes, Spin, Polarization, Quantum Information, Quantum Physics.