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Wildlife Encyclopedia Entry 1778498586

** The **Quokka** (Setonix brachyurus) is a small wallaby native to Western Australia, renowned for its friendly smile and endearing nature, making it a beloved symbol of the region. ## Overview The **Quokka** is a member of the macropod family, closely related to kangaroos and wallabies. These small, herbivorous marsupials inhabit the southwestern region of Western Australia, particularly on Rottnest Island and surrounding areas. Quokkas are known for their stocky build, rounded ears, and a distinctive smile, which has captivated the hearts of many visitors to the region. They are social animals, often living in small groups, and are primarily active at dawn and dusk. Quokkas are relatively small, with adults reaching a height of approximately 40-60 cm (16-24 in) and weighing between 4-6 kg (9-13 lbs). Their fur is a mix of brown and gray, with a distinctive white stripe running along their forehead. They are excellent climbers and have been known to scale trees in search of food or shelter. Quokkas are also skilled swimmers and have been observed swimming between islands. ## History/Background The **Quokka** has a long history in Western Australia, with evidence of their presence dating back to the Pleistocene era. The name "Quokka" is believed to have originated from the Noongar people, the indigenous inhabitants of the region, who referred to the animal as "kooka" or "kuka". Early European settlers in the area were also drawn to the Quokka's friendly nature and began to refer to them as "smiling marsupials". In the 19th century, Quokkas were hunted for their meat and fur, leading to a significant decline in their population. However, conservation efforts were implemented in the 20th century, and the Quokka was declared a protected species in 1938. Today, Quokkas are considered a symbol of Western Australia and are a major tourist attraction on Rottnest Island. ## Key Information Some key facts about the **Quokka** include: * **Diet**: Quokkas are herbivores and feed on a variety of plants, including leaves, grasses, and fruits. * **Habitat**: Quokkas inhabit the southwestern region of Western Australia, particularly on Rottnest Island and surrounding areas. * **Conservation Status**: Quokkas are listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, due to habitat loss and fragmentation. * **Reproduction**: Female Quokkas give birth to a single joey after a gestation period of approximately 28 days. ## Significance The **Quokka** plays a significant role in the ecosystem of Western Australia, serving as a seed disperser and helping to maintain the balance of native vegetation. Their friendly nature and endearing smile have also made them a beloved symbol of the region, attracting tourists and promoting conservation efforts. In recent years, the Quokka has become a symbol of happiness and positivity, with the phrase "Quokka smile" becoming a popular meme and social media phenomenon. This has helped to raise awareness about the importance of conservation and the need to protect this unique and fascinating species. INFOBOX: - **Name**: Setonix brachyurus - **Type**: Marsupial - **Date**: 1938 (protected species) - **Location**: Western Australia, particularly Rottnest Island - **Known For**: Friendly smile and endearing nature TAGS: Quokka, Western Australia, Rottnest Island, Marsupial, Conservation, Endangered Species, Wildlife, Tourism, Happiness, Positivity.