Zarathustra
/zəˈrɑːθəstrə/ · Zar·a·thu·stra
noun
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An ancient Iranian prophet and spiritual leader, also known as Zoroaster, who founded the religion of Zoroastrianism The teachings of Zarathustra are still studied by scholars of ancient Persian religion today.
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The title character of Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophical novel 'Thus Spoke Zarathustra', who serves as a mouthpiece for the author's ideas on existentialism and the will to power In 'Thus Spoke Zarathustra', Nietzsche's protagonist descends from the mountains to share his wisdom with humanity.
Etymology
The word Zarathustra originates from the Avestan language, in which 'Zarathushtra' is the name of the ancient Iranian prophet and spiritual leader, also known as Zoroaster. The name Zarathustra was later adopted into Greek as 'Ζωροάστρης' (Zōroastrēs) and eventually into other languages, including English, where it has been used to refer to the prophet and his teachings since the 18th century.
Did you know? Friedrich Nietzsche's novel 'Thus Spoke Zarathustra' was inspired by the historical figure of Zarathustra, but its protagonist is a fictional character who embodies Nietzsche's philosophical ideas. The novel has had a significant influence on modern thought and culture, and its themes and concepts continue to be debated and explored by scholars and artists today.
Written by Lexi Wordsworth, Dictionary Editor
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Added Jul 14, 2026