Overview
Bhutan, officially known as the Kingdom of Bhutan, is a landlocked country nestled in the eastern Himalayas between India and China. With a total area of approximately 38,394 square kilometers (14,824 square miles), Bhutan is the 20th largest country in Asia and the 134th largest in the world. The country's unique geography, with towering mountain peaks, lush forests, and pristine rivers, has earned it the nickname "The Last Shangri-La." Bhutan's population is around 771,608 people, with the majority practicing Buddhism. The country's capital and largest city is Thimphu, which is home to over 114,000 people.Bhutan's culture is deeply rooted in Buddhism, with the country's monarchs having been devout followers of the faith for centuries. The country's unique approach to development, known as Gross National Happiness (GNH), prioritizes the well-being of its citizens and the environment over economic growth. This approach has allowed Bhutan to maintain its pristine natural environment and unique cultural heritage. The country's stunning natural beauty, combined with its rich cultural heritage, makes it a popular destination for tourists.
History/Background
Bhutan's history dates back to the 8th century, when the country was first inhabited by the Lhokha people. In the 17th century, the country was unified under the rule of the Zhabdrung Rinpoche, a Buddhist leader who established the country's unique system of government. In the 19th century, Bhutan was forced to sign the Treaty of Punakha with the British, which established the country's borders and recognized its independence. In 1910, Bhutan became a British protectorate, and in 1949, it gained independence from British colonial rule. In 2008, Bhutan transitioned to a constitutional monarchy, with the current king, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, serving as the country's head of state.Key Information
- Capital: Thimphu - Population: 771,608 - Area: 38,394 square kilometers (14,824 square miles) - Language: Dzongkha (official), Nepali, English - Currency: Bhutanese ngultrum (BTN) - Government: Constitutional monarchy - Economy: Agriculture, hydroelectric power, tourismBhutan is known for its unique approach to development, which prioritizes the well-being of its citizens and the environment over economic growth. The country's commitment to sustainable development has allowed it to maintain its pristine natural environment and unique cultural heritage. Bhutan is also home to several UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including the Punakha Dzong, a 17th-century fortress that serves as the country's spiritual and administrative center.
