Overview
Kiribati, officially the Republic of Kiribati, is a sovereign island nation located in the central Pacific Ocean. With a population of approximately 119,449 people, it is one of the smallest countries in the world. The name "Kiribati" is derived from the I-Kiribati language, meaning "gathering place" or "united island." The country is comprised of 33 coral atolls and islands, stretching across an area of approximately 811 square kilometers. Kiribati is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations and has a parliamentary system of government.The country's capital and largest city is Tarawa, which is home to about 50% of the population. Tarawa is a bustling hub of activity, with a mix of traditional and modern architecture. The city is known for its vibrant markets, where locals sell everything from fresh seafood to handmade crafts. Visitors to Tarawa can also explore the country's rich cultural heritage at the Kiribati National Museum, which showcases the history and traditions of the I-Kiribati people.
History/Background
Kiribati has a rich and diverse history, with evidence of human habitation dating back to around 1300 BC. The islands were first inhabited by Micronesians and Polynesians, who brought with them their languages, customs, and traditions. In the 16th century, European explorers, including Spanish and British sailors, began to visit the islands. In 1890, Kiribati became a British colony, and it remained under British rule until 1979, when it gained independence.In the 1980s, Kiribati faced a major challenge when the United States began to use the island of Kwajalein as a military base. The base was used for missile testing and other military activities, which caused significant environmental damage and displacement of local communities. In 2006, the I-Kiribati government and the US government signed an agreement to relocate the base to a new location, which was completed in 2009.
Key Information
Kiribati is known for its stunning natural beauty, with crystal-clear waters, coral reefs, and diverse marine life. The country is home to several UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including the Phoenix Islands Protected Area, which is one of the largest marine protected areas in the world. Kiribati is also a major producer of copra, a type of coconut oil, which is used in a variety of products, including cosmetics and food.In recent years, Kiribati has become a leader in the fight against climate change. The country is one of the most vulnerable to rising sea levels, and it has been at the forefront of international efforts to address the issue. In 2019, Kiribati became the first country to declare a climate emergency, and it has since become a vocal advocate for action on climate change.
