Country Encyclopedia Entry 1777609275: Kiribati
SUMMARY: Kiribati is a small island nation in the Pacific Ocean, comprising 33 coral atolls and islands, known for its rich cultural heritage and unique geography.
Overview
Located in the heart of the Pacific Ocean, Kiribati is a sovereign state situated approximately halfway between Hawaii and Australia. With a total area of 811 square kilometers (313 square miles), Kiribati is one of the smallest countries in the world. The country's name, Kiribati, is derived from the Gilbertese language, meaning "the place of the Gilbert people." The capital and largest city is Tarawa, which is home to over 50% of the country's population. Kiribati is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations and the Pacific Islands Forum.
Kiribati's unique geography is characterized by its coral atolls and islands, which are scattered across the equatorial Pacific. The country's terrain is generally flat, with some islands featuring small hills and ridges. The climate is tropical marine, with high temperatures and humidity levels throughout the year. The country's economy is primarily based on fishing, copra production, and remittances from overseas workers.
History/Background
Kiribati has a rich and diverse history, with evidence of human habitation dating back to around 1300 BCE. The islands were first inhabited by the I-Kiribati people, who migrated from the Marshall Islands and other parts of the Pacific. In the 16th century, European explorers, including Spanish and British sailors, began to visit the islands. In 1890, Kiribati became a British protectorate, and in 1916, it was administered as part of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony. In 1979, Kiribati gained independence from the United Kingdom, with Tarawa as its capital.
Key Information
- Population: approximately 119,449 (2020 estimate)
- Area: 811 square kilometers (313 square miles)
- Capital: Tarawa
- Language: Gilbertese (official), English (official)
- Currency: Australian dollar (AUD)
- Government: Unitary parliamentary republic
- Economy: Fishing, copra production, remittances from overseas workers
Kiribati is known for its unique cultural heritage, which reflects the country's history and geography. The I-Kiribati people have a rich tradition of storytelling, music, and dance, which is often performed during cultural festivals and ceremonies. The country is also home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, including sea turtles, whales, and tropical fish.
Significance
Kiribati's significance extends beyond its small size and remote location. The country is a key player in the Pacific Islands Forum and has played a significant role in regional and global affairs. In 2019, Kiribati became the first country to declare a climate emergency, highlighting the urgent need for action to address the impacts of climate change. The country's unique geography and cultural heritage make it an important destination for tourists and researchers interested in Pacific Island cultures and ecosystems.
INFOBOX:
- Name: Republic of Kiribati
- Type: Island nation
- Date: 1979 (independence from the United Kingdom)
- Location: Pacific Ocean
- Known For: Unique cultural heritage, coral atolls and islands, climate change resilience
TAGS: Pacific Islands, Island nation, Climate change, Cultural heritage, Coral atolls, Tropical marine climate, Commonwealth of Nations, Pacific Islands Forum.
