Full Name
Moral Realism","Born: Ancient Greece","Known For: Objective moral truths","Type: Philosophy","Field: Ethics","Key Figures: Plato, Aristotle, Moore, Brink","Main Subdivisions: Naturalism, Non-naturalism","Opposition: Anti-realism, Subjectivism, Error theory","Core Idea: Moral statements can be objectively true","Impact: Foundation for universal human rights, moral progress, and moral knowledge","Key Works: Plato's Republic, Moore's Principia Ethica, Brink's Moral Realism and the Foundations of Ethics","Historical Development: Ancient Greece, Medieval Scholasticism, Modern Revival in 20th century","Current Debates: Moral naturalism vs. non-naturalism, moral epistemology, moral psychology","Criticisms: Moral disagreement, ontological parsimony, epistemic access to moral facts","Defenses: Moral convergence, explanatory power, moral knowledge claims","Influence on other fields: Political philosophy, law, psychology, religion","Key Concepts: Moral facts, moral properties, moral knowledge, moral objectivity, moral truth","Methodology: Conceptual analysis, thought experiments, empirical evidence","Status: Active debate in contemporary philosophy","Significance: Provides a foundation for moral knowledge and moral progress","Challenges: Explaining moral disagreement, epistemic access to moral facts","Strengths: Explains moral progress, provides a foundation for moral knowledge","Weaknesses: Ontological commitment to moral facts, epistemic challenges","Future Directions: Moral psychology, neuroethics, meta-ethics","Related Theories: Moral relativism, moral nihil